The transpiration problem of houses depends on the many elements which are present. Watertight doors and window frames, finishing plastic paints, sheaths, plastic plasters etc. Our product is waterproof, but transpires when it comes to water vapor.
In the houses built by EMMEDUE with a correct ventilation of the environments, no presence of mold or condensation has been found.

The EMMEDUE panel makes the installation of fittings rapid and easy.
The phases of the putting-in-place process for the tubes of the electrical and the hydro-sanitary systems are performed after the complete assembly of the panels and before completion with the plaster and the spritz-beton. The chases are realized directly in the polystyrene with a jet of hot air. Then, if the tubes are flexible, they are inserted behind the net and are made to go along the path of the chase. In the case of rigid tubes, the net is cut in proximity of the chase, the conduit of the fittings is placed and then the continuity of the steel is restored joining a plane net to the net that is already present in the panel.

For the double panel (PDME), rebars are stirrup-bent and placed with a variable space according to the structural calculation. The panel is put in place so that the rebars are inserted in the internal space of the panel which was designed for the wall and then they are included in the concrete.
The rebars will be placed both as a connection between the panel and the foundations, and at all the levels, anchored to the riddles placed on the walls of the previous level, to ensure structural continuity.
For the single bearing panel (PSME) the rebars are put in place in two lines, in alternate positions, with a distance of 30/40 cm. The panel must be placed so that it’s between two lines of irons, which will be then tied up with the external nets of the panels and then including in the shot-crete. Even in this case the rebars are necessary for anchoring the panels to the foundations and at any level, in order to better connect the walls of every floor with the walls of the previous floor.

The PSSGE floor panel behaves and is considered like any other traditional floor with reinforced concrete ribbings, with the advantage to be lighter and easier to handle, since the brick has been replaced with polystyrene. The distance between two ribbings can be 56 cm (PSSG2E) or 37.5 cm (PSSG3E). In any case, the thickness of the elements which, once they are assembled, will constitute the floor is 112.5 cm. The floor panel is realized with a continuous 4 cm bottom layer (DALLA) below the hollow blocks infill and the ribbings, in order to avoid any discontinuity of material at the lower side and the creation of thermal bridges. The necessary thickness for the flooring and consequently the height of the ribbing are obtained by calculating 1/25 of the span for plane floors, 1/30 for the roof.

Once finished on site with 5 cm of concrete on the upper side and 2.5 cm on the lower, the single floor panel behaves like a plate. Therefore, the ideal work condition occurs when it is leaning on the walls below it along the overall perimeter, but it can also be used on three or two supports. In any case, it is necessary to verify it in accordance with the theory of the boards. Usually, this type of floor is used for a span up to 5 m.

A pre-mixed plaster has a general weight of 16 Kg/m² per 1 cm of thickness, so there are 40 Kg/m² for each side.

A partition wall composed of 5 cm of polystyrene and a total of 5 cm of plaster, once finished, weights 104 kg/m².

The EMMEDUE partition wall (PSTE) is completed on site with a thickness of 2.5 cm of traditional or pre-mixed cement plaster on both sides. The pre-mixed mixtures that are most used and most efficient are those which have a percentage of limestone less than 10% so that they do not affect galvanized steel nets.

A sandwich structure is intended to be an element composed of two layers whose thickness is reduced, but which are very resistant, called skins or faces, separated by a connective material, which is called core. Usually the core is a light material, less resistant than the material of the faces. The axial rigidity of the core is completely negligible compared to the material of the skins, which are predisposed for loads on the plane. Instead, the presence of the core is useful for increasing the value of the flexural rigidity of the panel, which depends on the distance of the faces from the medial plane.
EMMEDUE PANELS can be placed in this context.

The EMMEDUE building system is based on a basic element composed of a panel made of two nets of electro-welded zinc-coated steel, placed adjacent to the faces of a central wave-shaped polystyrene plate. The nets are continuously and automatically realized by machinery. The standard nets are square mesh with wires whose diameter is 2.5 mm, placed at a distance of 7 cm. In any case it is always possible to vary diameters and distances, even within the same net. The two nets are held together by a constant amount of metallic connectors per m². Such panels can be used singularly (PSME o PSTE) or, if properly shaped and connected to each other by the connectors, they can be assembled in couples obtaining the double panel (PDME). Moreover the EMMEDUE system uses the same productive modality, with a different shape of polystyrene, for the realization of floor panels with hollow flooring blocks (PSSGE).
In any case the density of the polystyrene, as well as their thickness, can be adjusted.
Finally, all types of panels are completed on site.

The modularity and the lightness of the panel make it easy to be used at the construction site and give to the EMMEDUE system a huge versatility.
This makes it possible to obtain any type of geometric shape, plane or curved (arches, circular walls, cupolas) by simply cutting the elements at the construction site.

Yes, it is possible. The structure is calculated and realized in accordance with the indications of the law which regulates constructions. The EMMEDUE system with single bearing panels obtained the recognition of its technical suitability for up to four storeys in several countries in the world.

In the putting-in-place procedure of the panels it is possible to save up to 50% of the time compared to the time necessary for realizing a traditional structure. On the other hand, however, it is necessary to keep in mind that the construction site includes other activities and realizations which are apart from the panel, and so, at the end, a 30% savings in time can be considered as a good reference point.

The EMMEDUE system is a bearing-wall system and therefore, on the basis that an uniform distribution of the walls on the plan and a certain level of uniformity in the elevation, it has an ideal behavior in the presence of seismic action. This is because in this situation the structure reacts not only through the elements that develop in the direction of the stresses, but also with any walls, ensuring a box-behavior which is optimal in a seismic area. Moreover, the panel has great lightness and, since the strength of the seismic activity is directly proportional to the mass that it encounters, the structures realized with M2 panels reduce the seismic action that acts on them.

- The thermo-isolating characteristics of EMMEDUE panels are such to make them suitable for the realization of high-energy efficiency buildings.

 
-Even in the EMMEDUE PDME bearing-walls, by varying the density and thickness of the polystyrene panels, it is possible to obtain great values of transmission rates.

The transmission rate of the floors (PSSGE) has been calculated on EMMEDUE floors with 10 cm of light mortar at the upper side.

The two standard EMMEDUE floors, PSSG2E and PSSG3E (ribbing distance respectively 56 cm and 37.5 cm) have been evaluated. The density of the polystyrene considered is 15 kg/m³ 

Note.  The values indicated above may change according to the location of the installation site of the panels.

The M2 system offers the final user, at the same price, numerous advantages with respect to the traditional system. One among the most important is a gross savings on the construction, which is a direct consequence of the savings in terms of manpower, which in a construction environment constitutes at least 50%. Moreover, for two storey buildings, it is also possible to reduce the cost of the construction site and further increase the savings, by working, for instance, without cranes, considering the lightness of the material.
Savings in terms of cost per m² of gross construction (excluding systems, doors, windows and finishes) is variable based on the type of structure and on the effect of the roof, and it is an average of between 5-20% using the double panel and of 15-30% using the single panel . 

Thermal bridges are completely eliminated, realizing a continuous insulation that also includes the structural part that already exists. It’s possible to realize, even on site, and before applying the plaster, the compartments necessary for the “chased” connections, for the hydro-sanitary and electrical systems, holes of any shape for windows, doors, etc.
Moreover, considering the modularity of the system and the high manageability due to the lightness of the panels, it’s possible to insert elements of internal division even after the end of the cladding works.

The EMMEDUE coating is realized with a polystyrene panel between two steel nets connected  each other by connectors. On one side of the panel, the one externally exposed, 2 cm of cement plaster is pumped. Such coating, therefore, compared to the others on the market, substitutes the plaster-bearing net with a real steel net which increases its mechanical performances making them superior to those in the market. Also, such coating constitutes an actual second wall, even if thin, along the overall perimeter of the building. The minimum size of the M2 coating is 6 cm, 4 of polystyrene and 2 of plaster, with the possibility of increasing the thickness of the polystyrene panel or its density in order to increase the insulation.

Commonly known as foam, polystyrene is rightly listed among the materials that are used the most in the construction industry for its versatility and for its particular technical performances.

Commonly known as foam, polystyrene is rightly listed among the materials that are used the most in the construction industry for its versatility and for its particular technical performances.
Characteristics:
The luck – and spread – that polystyrene has had in the construction industry is the result of a particularly efficacious mix of performances that makes it suitable for a wide range of uses in different forms.
1. Fire resistance
Among the strong points of polystyrene with which the EMMEDUE panels are manufactured is the self-extinguishing capacity, which makes it suitable to be used in all those cases where aspects such as the inflammability of the material must be – or is decided to be – kept under control.
2. Thermal insulation
The material has a reduced thermal conductivity. This is thanks to its closed cellular structure, 98% of which is air, a characteristic which gives it a great efficacy as a thermal insulator. The thermal properties, moreover, remain unchanged over time.
3. Humidity resistance
The EPS is permeable to water vapor, and so it is transpires, but it is waterproof. The permeability to vapor makes it possible to avoid the formation of molds inside buildings and environments isolated with EPS. The water does not melt the EPS nor does it pass through the walls of the closed cells. Capillary absorption is practically inexistent.
4. Duration
The analyses performed show that the EPS does not have any problem of duration during the effective life of the buildings.
5. Safety and environmental sustainabilityThe durability of the material is in direct relation with its safety of use. The EPS does not contain nutritive substances able to sustain the growth of fungi, bacteria or other microorganisms, and so it does not rot or mold. It is non-toxic, inert, does not contain chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) or hydrofluorocarbons (FCFC).  For its chemical and biological stability, the EPS does not constitute a danger for environmental hygiene nor for the water-bearing strata. The EPS used in construction insulation does not represent a health risk since it does not release toxic gases.

They are necessary for two reasons:
a) To connect the different elements of the structure and give the necessary continuity once the spritz-beton/plaster is applied;
b) To avoid cracking in the spritz-beton/plaster in correspondence of the points in which there is a concentration of stress.

The single EMMEDUE panel (partition wall) (PSTE) is completed when it is put in place with 2.5 cm-thick traditional or pre-mixed cement plaster on both sides.
The single EMMEDUE bearing panel (PSME) is completed when it is put in place by applying on each side a 3.5 cm-thick layer of spritz-beton (water, cement and sand) whose characteristic resistance is at least 250 Kg/cm².
The panel obtained will form a reinforced concrete plate with a core of polystyrene.
The double EMMEDUE panel (PDME) is completed when it is put in place with concrete with Rck not less than 250 Kg/cm², between the two plates of polystyrene. Such concrete constitutes the bearing element together with the internal reinforcement.
Externally from the panel, a layer of traditional or pre-mixed cement plaster with the same characteristics and modalities of application of the single curtain wall panel is applied.

There is no theoretical limit to the panel’s height, while, practically, the limit is represented by the length of the plane of the truck in which it will be transported (13.60 meters). This possibility for elevated lengths makes the panel suitable even for cladding walls of hangars.

Acoustic insulation constitutes one of the advantages of this construction system. Experimental tests run on the panels have provided optimal results, showing the suitability of the panels even in the most severe conditions, in accordance with the current technical laws.

The polystyrene used for manufacturing the panels is self-extinguishable.
Fire resistance tests run on PSME80 panels proved their fire resistance higher than REI 120.

The panels are produced with a standard width of 112.5 cm and their length depends on the measurements of the architectural project.

The two single panels are different and have different uses. The single PSTE panel is used for partition or cladding walls. It does not have a structural function and so it is lightly wave-shaped and is finished on site, on both sides, with 2.5 cm of traditional cement plaster. The PSME panel is, instead, used for bearing walls and it is shaped with a more marked wave which allows a better internal covering of the reinforced net. It is completed on site, on both sides, with a layer of shot-crete with Rck which is at least 250 Kg/cm², whose thickness is 3.5 cm.